Application Scope And Standard Procedures Of The Relay Protection Comprehensive Tester

The relay protection comprehensive tester is a versatile tool for the secondary field of the power system. Its application covers the entire life cycle of device development, production, acceptance, installation, commissioning, maintenance, and technological renovation.
1. Classified by application stage
Research and type testing: Conduct laboratory verification to ensure the correctness of the principle, the completeness of the functions, and the performance limits (such as accuracy, action time, return coefficient, etc.) of the new protection device.
Factory acceptance test: Before the equipment is delivered, the user or a third party conducts a comprehensive functional and performance test on the protection device to ensure it complies with the contract and technical agreement requirements.
On-site commissioning and operation:
Post-installation commissioning: Before the newly installed protection device is put into operation, all logical function tests, setting value verification, and complete group transmission tests must be conducted to verify whether it is correctly coordinated with the primary equipment and other secondary equipment.
Periodic inspection: In accordance with the requirements of the "DL/T 995 Inspection Procedures", conduct periodic inspections of all or some of the items to ensure the reliability of the device after many years of operation.
Post-fault inspection: After the protection device has acted or exhibited abnormal behavior, a test instrument is used to reproduce the fault situation. The correctness of the action behavior is analyzed, or the performance of the repaired device is tested.
2. Classified by the test subjects and functions
Various types of relay protection devices:
Line protection: Distance protection (impedance characteristic test), Zero-sequence overcurrent protection, Line differential protection (optical fiber differential test).
Component protection: Transformer differential protection (proportional braking curve test), Generator differential/loss of excitation/loss of synchronization protection, Motor protection.
Relay Protection Tester
Busbar protection: Differential protection (with complex braking characteristics).
Automatic standby power transfer device (standby power transfer): Simulates various logical conditions such as loss of voltage in the main power supply and disconnection of the voltage transformer.
Automatic synchronous paralleling device: Testing the adjustment of voltage, frequency, phase angle and the advance time of closing the switch.
Safety automatic devices: such as low-frequency/low-voltage load shedding, fault separation devices, etc.
Measurement instruments and equipment: Capable of calibrating or testing the accuracy of fault recorders, electricity meters, and measurement transmitters.
Secondary system of intelligent substations (core application field):
"Digitalization" test: Through the optical Ethernet port directly, it conducts closed-loop tests with the merging unit, intelligent terminal, and protection and control device in accordance with the IEC 61850 protocol (GOOSE, SV), without the need for traditional analog quantity wiring.
System integration test: Verify the synchronization of SV sampling among the protection device, the merging unit, and the intelligent terminal, as well as the correctness of the GOOSE interlock logic.
SCD file verification: Import the entire station's SCD configuration files, automatically generate test links, significantly improving the debugging efficiency of intelligent stations.
Relevant standards and regulations
When using the relay protection tester, it is necessary to follow national and industry standards to ensure the standardization of the test and the authority of the results.
Product manufacturing and calibration standards
These standards specify the technical requirements that the tester itself should meet.
GB/T 7261-2016 "Basic Test Methods for Relay Protection and Safety Automatic Devices": This is the fundamental guideline for testing relay protection devices, stipulating common test conditions and methods.
DL/T 624-2010 "Technical Conditions for Microcomputer-Based Test Equipment for Relay Protection": This is a core product standard for relay protection testers. It specifies in detail the classification, technical requirements (output accuracy, synchronization, functions), test methods, and inspection rules of the device. This standard must be referred to during selection and acceptance.
JJG (Electric Power) 01-94 "Verification Regulations for Microcomputer-Based Test Equipment for Relay Protection": Specifies the metrological verification requirements for the tester, ensuring the accuracy of its measurement values. The tester needs to be calibrated according to this regulation on a regular basis.
2. On-site Testing and Commissioning Procedures
These standards specify how to conduct on-site work using the testing instrument.
DL/T 995-2016 "Inspection Procedures for Relay Protection and Grid Security Automatic Devices": This is the highest guiding procedure for on-site inspection work. It stipulates the items, cycles, methods, and qualification standards for the inspection of various protection devices. All testing work must follow this procedure.
GB/T 14285-2006 "Technical Regulations for Relay Protection and Safety Automatic Devices": It stipulates the technical performance that the protection device itself should achieve. It serves as the basis for protection logic and setting of values, and also is the ultimate evaluation criterion for testing.
Q/GDW 1808-2013 "Test Procedures for Intelligent Substation Relay Protection": This document is specifically designed for the testing of protection devices in intelligent substations, and it provides detailed specifications for the specific methods, processes, and precautions of digital testing (GOOSE, SV).
The technical specifications for intelligent substations issued by State Grid/China Southern Power Grid: such as "Technical Specifications for Relay Protection in Intelligent Substations" and "Test Specifications for Merge Units", have more specific regulations regarding the details of digital interface testing.
3. Safety Procedures
"Electric Power Safety Work Procedures" (Electrical Section for Power Plants and Substations): All testing work must be carried out within the framework of the safety regulations, including the arrangement of safety measures and prevention of "three errors" (misoperation, incorrect wiring, and incorrect setting).